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Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Heart rate surges upon standing, causing debilitating symptoms

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a form of dysautonomia characterized by an abnormal increase in heart rate of ≥30 bpm (or ≥40 bpm in adolescents) within 10 minutes of standing, accompanied by symptoms of orthostatic intolerance. It affects an estimated 1–3 million Americans, predominantly young women.

Types & Subtypes

Hyperadrenergic POTS

Elevated norepinephrine levels; hypertension on standing

Neuropathic POTS

Partial sympathetic denervation of lower limbs

Hypovolemic POTS

Low blood volume triggering compensatory tachycardia

Post-Viral POTS

Triggered by viral infection including COVID-19

Common Symptoms

Heart palpitations on standingLightheadednessBrain fogFatigueTremulousnessExercise intoleranceNauseaHeadacheChest painNear-syncope

Management & Treatment Options

High-salt, high-fluid diet (2–3L/day)
Compression garments
Beta-blockers (propranolol)
Ivabradine
Fludrocortisone
Midodrine
Pyridostigmine
Graded recumbent exercise

⚠️ Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any treatment.

Trusted Resources

🔗 Standing Up to POTS🔗 Dysautonomia International – POTS🔗 POTS UK

Knowledge Base

6 documents

Sourced from authoritative medical organizations and peer-reviewed research.

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Genetic Variants

GWAS Research
See all variants →

Top genetic variants associated with POTS in published genome-wide association studies.

rs2242446

SLC6A2

Norepinephrine transport

OR 1.82

p=3.2e-9

rs1800544

ADRA2C

Adrenergic signaling

OR 1.45

p=2.1e-8

rs5569

SLC6A2

Norepinephrine transport

OR 1.65

p=8.1e-8

⚠️ Genetic associations do not determine diagnosis. Consult a genetic counselor.

Upload 23andMe →

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